The outbreak of legionella detected in Madrid in recent days current relocate the Legionnaires . Also known as Legionnaires’ disease, is a respiratory infection Acute caused in most cases by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila. Actually, the disease has two different manifestations:
Said Legionnaires’ disease : is the name given to the most known and severe infection resulting in severe pneumonia.
Pontiac fever: is a much milder disease.
Legionellosis is a relatively new disease , knowledge of which occurred in 1976, when an outbreak of pneumonia in a Legion convention in a Philadelphia hotel. Currently, many pulmonologists legionellosis qualify as an emerging disease, as the number of outbreaks is increasing every year , mainly due to the relationship you have this bacteria with the development of new technologies and modern facilities heat control.
Legionella is widespread in nature and its natural habitat is water . To live and grow requires the existence of moisture and heat. If you are with the right conditions such as temperature, stagnation or maintenance of certain facilities, can develop very quickly.
The most sensitive areas are the water pipes, cooling towers and air conditioning equipment . For this reason, the risk increases in the summer months, which is the time when there are more outbreaks of legionella.
Most infections occur in adults of middle-aged and older people. People with diseases such as kidney failure, diabetes, cancer or lung disease have an increased risk. Children have little risk of contracting the disease, and when present is usually less severe. Legionellosis is not spread from person to person , but from the air.
Despite the attention it receives in the media, is a disease with a low incidence . It usually appears as an asylum case, without the presence of any outbreak. That does not mean you have to give it due consideration, as it is a life-threatening disease. Actually, the mortality rate ranges between 5% and 30%.
The early detection is crucial, because if the disease is treated before it within 48 hours, the mortality rate does not reach 6%. Otherwise, the percentage is multiplied by 5.
The incubation period of the disease is from 2 to 10 days . Early symptoms may resemble remember a cold, but in most cases continue to worsen during the first 4-6 days. Usually, if there is no worsening or involvement of other organs, symptoms begin to improve in the next 4 or 5 days.
The main symptoms of legionellosis are:
• Chest pain
• Coughing up blood
• Fever
• Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain
• General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill General
• Headache
• Joint pain
• Poor coordination
• Loss of energy
• Stiffness and pain muscle
• unproductive cough
• Shaking chills
• Trouble breathing
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